Difference between revisions of "Energy Metabolism"
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[[Image:Serum-Fatty-Acids.jpg|thumb|left|Serum Fatty Acid Reference Ranges relevant to Australia, UK, USA, and other countries where | [[Image:Serum-Fatty-Acids.jpg|thumb|left|Serum Fatty Acid Reference Ranges relevant to Australia, UK, USA, and other countries where | ||
fat intakes are similar to New Zealand (about 30% of total energy intake) [http://images.biomedsearch.com/22254080/nutrients-03-00152.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIBOKHYOLP4MBMRGQ&Expires=1504569600&Signature=u33c2jBfaVBAMGy%2Fb69uqjiMrFE%3D © Bradbury, K.E. et al]]] | fat intakes are similar to New Zealand (about 30% of total energy intake) [http://images.biomedsearch.com/22254080/nutrients-03-00152.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIBOKHYOLP4MBMRGQ&Expires=1504569600&Signature=u33c2jBfaVBAMGy%2Fb69uqjiMrFE%3D © Bradbury, K.E. et al]]] | ||
| − | Fatty acid levels in adipose tissue reflect intake in years.[http://www.jlr.org/content/7/1/103.long] Serum fatty acids reflect intake in weeks.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16407712/] | + | Fatty acid levels in adipose tissue reflect intake in years.[http://www.jlr.org/content/7/1/103.long] Serum fatty acids reflect intake in weeks.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16407712/] Plasma is composed of all major circulating lipid species including triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol-esters and free fatty acids.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918509/] |
About 2 to 5% of serum fatty acids are free fatty acids. Serum reference levels for free fatty acids are 0.00-0.72 mmol/L.[http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/8280] / with a mean value of 7.5 nM (with a standard deviation of 2.5 nM), and a 1.5 nM increase after overnight fasting. [http://www.jlr.org/content/36/2/229.long] | About 2 to 5% of serum fatty acids are free fatty acids. Serum reference levels for free fatty acids are 0.00-0.72 mmol/L.[http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/8280] / with a mean value of 7.5 nM (with a standard deviation of 2.5 nM), and a 1.5 nM increase after overnight fasting. [http://www.jlr.org/content/36/2/229.long] | ||
Revision as of 19:11, 3 September 2017
The 3 main sources of energy in your body are fatty acids, sugars and protein (disregarding alcohol).
Serum Energy
Fatty acid levels in adipose tissue reflect intake in years.[1] Serum fatty acids reflect intake in weeks.[2] Plasma is composed of all major circulating lipid species including triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol-esters and free fatty acids.[3]
About 2 to 5% of serum fatty acids are free fatty acids. Serum reference levels for free fatty acids are 0.00-0.72 mmol/L.[4] / with a mean value of 7.5 nM (with a standard deviation of 2.5 nM), and a 1.5 nM increase after overnight fasting. [5]
Fasting
During starvation, utilisation of fatty acids from intracellular lipid droplets is increased, and autophagy mediated.[6]
Exercise
Not just daily exercise increases lipolysis in general [7], but also acute exercise increases lipolysis, specifically in the liver (not in skeletal muscle), accompanied by increased serum levels of free fatty acid, glycerol and ketone body.[8]
Better fitness is not associated with lower dietary fat intakes.[9] Increased physical activity reduces serum triglyceride levels.[10] At similar levels mean VO2, tennis match play relies more on glycolysis and glycogenolysis compared to continuous running exercise.[11]
